Mykola Iabluchanskyi

Somewhere in the cold water of a tidal pool, an octopus is doing something extraordinary. It is solving a puzzle, changing color in its sleep, and operating eight semi-independent arms — all at once. For neuroscientists and philosophers of mind, this creature is not just a curiosity. It is a living laboratory for one of the deepest questions in science: what is consciousness, and where does it live? The octopus split from the vertebrate lineage roughly 750 million years ago. Since that ancient divergence, our brains and theirs have evolved in near-total isolation, arriving at radically different solutions to the problem of intelligence. A human brain is a centralized command structure. The octopus nervous system is something else entirely: only about a third of its neurons sit in the central brain; the remaining two-thirds are distributed across its eight arms. Each arm can sense, plan, and act with considerable independence, raising a question that cuts to the heart of consciousness ...

Throughout history, countless stories recount extraordinary experiences that seem to defy our understanding of reality. Among these, prophetic dreams and visions are particularly compelling — moments when individuals glimpse future events or receive messages that later prove remarkably accurate. As a doctor, mathematician, and educator, I've always been fascinated by the intricacies of the human mind. Yet it wasn't until I had my own prophetic experiences that I began to truly appreciate the depth of this mystery. Over the years, I've been fortunate to experience three profound prophetic dreams and one vivid daytime vision. Each left an indelible mark on my understanding of consciousness and reality. The first involved my father and served as a harbinger of a significant life event. Initially cryptic, its details unfolded in reality with startling accuracy — my first indication that these phenomena might be more than coincidence. Two other dreams carried messages of deep ...

Pyotr Anokhin’s functional systems theory looks like “old Soviet physiology” only if we judge it by publication dates. Conceptually, it belongs much closer to contemporary AI, cybernetics, and control theory than to classical reflex diagrams. At its core, TFS is not about muscles and nerves; it is about how any system acts purposefully, stabilizes itself, and learns from its own errors. Crucially, this logic scales: the same conceptual loop can describe a neuron, an animal, a machine-learning agent, a hospital, or a city. Traditional neurophysiology treated behavior as a chain of reflexes: stimuli arrive, responses follow. This linear model works for simple, short‑latency reactions but breaks down when we try to explain planning, strategy shifts, or long-term goals. Reflex theory is always oriented to the past; it has no conceptual room for the future. Anokhin reverses the arrow. For him, the primary element is not the stimulus but the result. Organisms act because they must achieve s...

The desire for a long life is ancient. The desire for a meaningful one — a life in which identity, purpose, and the coherent sense of self are preserved as long as the body endures — is considerably more recent. And it demands a fundamentally different approach to medicine than the one we currently practice. Modern medicine has achieved remarkable things. Hearts are sustained, lungs supported, laboratory values normalized, and survival extended across conditions that would have been rapidly fatal a generation ago. Yet something critical is being lost in the process. The body persists while the person fades. Memory unravels, character dissolves, agency retreats — and the medical system, organized around keeping biological systems running, often has no framework for registering this loss, let alone preventing it. We are winning the battle for years while losing the war for the self. This uncoupling — between the biological life that continues and the personal life that erodes — is the de...

Evidence-based medicine was conceived as a safeguard — a commitment to letting rigorous data, rather than tradition or authority, guide clinical decisions. Few would argue with that founding principle. Yet something has shifted. Across cardiology, gastroenterology, and beyond, a pattern is emerging that deserves serious scrutiny: the systematic alignment of clinical evidence with commercial imperatives. The 2024 European Congress of Cardiology lowered its blood pressure thresholds to match American standards, instantly expanding the pool of patients eligible for treatment. Specialists commenting online were blunt about their suspicions: that pharmaceutical market expansion, not improved patient outcomes, was the primary driver. Whether or not that suspicion is entirely fair, the question it raises is legitimate. When diagnostic thresholds shift in ways that consistently favor treatment over watchful waiting, we should ask who benefits. The pattern repeats across drug classes. Each gene...

Beyond isolated diagnoses The concept of the osteosarcopenic knot represents a critical shift in how we understand the aging process — and why so many conventional approaches to it fall short. In modern clinical practice, medicine tends to fracture the human body into isolated categories, treating sarcopenia, skeletal involution, and frailty as parallel but essentially distinct conditions, each assigned to its own specialist, its own protocol, its own set of outcome metrics. Yet when viewed through the lens of functional systems theory, these conditions are revealed not as independent pathologies running alongside one another, but as different facets of a single, unified narrative — one that involves the simultaneous erosion of the musculoskeletal and regulatory systems. Sarcopenia, characterized by the progressive loss of muscle mass and functional strength, and osteoporosis, defined by the depletion of bone mineral density and structural integrity, are inextricably linked at the biol...

A message to patients, families, and physicians Orthostatic hypotension is one of those conditions that hides in plain sight. The moment a person stands up and the world tilts — dizziness, a rushing darkness at the edges of vision, the instinct to grab something solid — rarely makes it into a medical chart. It happens too fast, too quietly, and too often to report every time. Yet for millions of people, especially older adults, this brief instability shapes entire days: which chair to sit in, whether to answer the door, whether to attempt the stairs alone. To patients You are not imagining it, and you are not simply "getting old." Orthostatic hypotension is a real, measurable, treatable condition — and understanding it is already the first step toward managing it. The strategies that help are often surprisingly practical: rising slowly, staying well hydrated, wearing compression garments, timing meals carefully, adjusting medications with your doctor's guidance. None of t...